"The introduction of protein-based drugs on the Del-1 may provide a new strategy for the treatment of neuroinflammatory and demyelinating diseases, especially multiple sclerosis" - scientists say.
In the new study, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania found that a protein Del-1 is able to reduce the severity of the disease in mice with multiple sclerosis. Del-1 protein may also be useful in treating Alzheimer's disease, they add.
The findings are published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry.
In previous studies, researchers found that the protein Del-1 prevents the movement and accumulation of immune cells. Patients with severe periodontal disease (gum disease associated with inflammation and loss of bone mass), there is a low level of Del-1 protein, compared with healthy tissue.
In the new study, researchers have tried to study the role of protein Del-1 in the central nervous system.
To test the new theory, the researchers studied a protein Del-1 in the brain tissue of people who died of multiple sclerosis. The researchers found a low level of protein Del-1 in the brain of patients with active multiple sclerosis than people without the disease. Similarly, Del-1 protein was reduced in the spinal cord of mice with multiple sclerosis and autoimmune encephalomyelitis (AEM).
Previously, scientists studied mice lacking the protein Del-1. Researchers have found that mice lacking the protein Del-1 had a severe attack AEM (significant damage myelin layer that covers neurons and helps in transmitting signals over the cell), compared with normal mice. The loss of this substance is the main symptom of multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases. The mice without the protein Del-1 also had higher levels of inflammatory cells in the spinal cord that have been associated with increased levels of signaling molecules of IL-17. Next, the scientists began to introduce an additional amount of protein Del-1 mice with multiple sclerosis. The researchers were surprised when these mice stopped the progression of the disease.
At present, scientists are developing a drug based on the protein Del-1, which could have a high therapeutic effect with minimal side effects.
Details in the scientific article:
EY Choi, JH Lim, A Neuwirth, M Economopoulou, A Chatzigeorgiou, KJ Chung, S Bittner, SH Lee, H Langer, M Samus, H Kim, GS Cho, T Ziemssen, K Bdeir, E Chavakis, JY Koh, L Boon , K Hosur, SR Bornstein, SG Meuth, G Hajishengallis, T Chavakis. Developmental endothelial locus-1 is a homeostatic factor in the central nervous system limiting neuroinflammation and demyelination. Molecular Psychiatry, 2014; DOI: 10.1038 / mp.2014.146
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